Description
Reactivity: Human
This ELISA kit is used for quantitative determination of human CRF in plasma (Pretreatment of plasma before assay is necessary). The kit is characterized by its sensitive quantification and high specificity. In addition, it has no influence by other components in samples. CRF standard is highly purified synthetic product. Supplementary: Sandwich
Applicable Sample: Plasma (Pretreatment of plasma before assay is necessary)
Other: Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF, also CRH) was initially isolated from ovine hypothalamus by Vale et al., in 1981, and identifiedas a novel neuropeptide comprising 41 amino acid residues with molecular weight 4758. Later human CRF2) and rat CRF3) were also isolated and identified. The mouse CRF peptide is identical at amino acid level to the rat and human CRF peptides4). CRF in anterior pituitary promotes the synthesis and secretion of ACTH, a main factor of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In the rat and human, CRF distributes mainly in hypothalamus, but it was also found in spinal cord, stomach, spleen,duodenum, adrenal and placenta. In addition, immunochemical evidence supported the wide distribution of the peptide throughout the central nervous system (CNS) such as olfactory bulb, retina and central auditory system in the rat.
In mouse brain extracts,the highest concentrations of CRF-like immunoreactivity (CRF-LI) has been detected in median eminence and hypothalamus and also existing in amygdala, thalamus, frontal cortex, medulla/pons and cerebellum by radioimmunoassay. However because ofthe widedistribution, it is still disputing about CRF whether its blood level can reflect only the function of HPA axis. The relationships between CRF and stress, CRF and Alzheimer disease (AD) were attracted much attention recently. In fact the peptide wasalso suggested to regulate endocrine, autonomic and behavioral responses to stress, based on an experiment with acute and chronic stress rat models that showed endocrine function changes similar to those seen in patients with depression. CRF in serial cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)of patients with depression was strikingly reduced as compared to those of normal subjects. The mean CRF and ACTH levels in the CSF of AD patients were significantly lower than those of healthy controls. Only in the cortices of those with mild dementia, CRF was reduced significantly. Thus CRF was proposed to serve as a potential neurochemical marker of early dementia and possibly early AD.
A large proportion of CRF in human brain was shown to be in the formofcomplex with its binding protein (CRF-BP). CRF molecule in the complex is unavailable for activation of the CRF receptor. Accordingly reduction in total CRF do not necessarily predict reduction of bioactive free CRF, and the levels of total CRF andCRF in theform of complex (CRF/CRF-BP) were suggested to be the main factors determining the quantity of bioactive free CRF in human brain. In AD there have been observed dramatic reduction in the content of free CRF in brain and thus displacement ofCRF from CRF-BP was proposed as a possible treatment for AD. In primary neuron culture, CRF exhibited protective effect against cell death induced by amyloid-beta peptide, suggesting that disturbances in HPA axis function can occur independentlyofalterationinCRF mRNA levels in AD brain and further suggesting an additional role for CRF in protecting neurons against cell death. On the other hand, Yanaihara et al. demonstrated immunoreative CRF in various neuroendocrine tumors, and suggested that the bloodlevel of the peptide might be used as a tumor marker.
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This ELISA kit is used for quantitative determination of human CRF in plasma (Pretreatment of plasma before assay is necessary). The kit is characterized by its sensitive quantification and high specificity. In addition, it has no influence by other components in samples. CRF standard is highly purified synthetic product. Supplementary: Sandwich
Applicable Sample: Plasma (Pretreatment of plasma before assay is necessary)
Other: Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF, also CRH) was initially isolated from ovine hypothalamus by Vale et al., in 1981, and identifiedas a novel neuropeptide comprising 41 amino acid residues with molecular weight 4758. Later human CRF2) and rat CRF3) were also isolated and identified. The mouse CRF peptide is identical at amino acid level to the rat and human CRF peptides4). CRF in anterior pituitary promotes the synthesis and secretion of ACTH, a main factor of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In the rat and human, CRF distributes mainly in hypothalamus, but it was also found in spinal cord, stomach, spleen,duodenum, adrenal and placenta. In addition, immunochemical evidence supported the wide distribution of the peptide throughout the central nervous system (CNS) such as olfactory bulb, retina and central auditory system in the rat.
In mouse brain extracts,the highest concentrations of CRF-like immunoreactivity (CRF-LI) has been detected in median eminence and hypothalamus and also existing in amygdala, thalamus, frontal cortex, medulla/pons and cerebellum by radioimmunoassay. However because ofthe widedistribution, it is still disputing about CRF whether its blood level can reflect only the function of HPA axis. The relationships between CRF and stress, CRF and Alzheimer disease (AD) were attracted much attention recently. In fact the peptide wasalso suggested to regulate endocrine, autonomic and behavioral responses to stress, based on an experiment with acute and chronic stress rat models that showed endocrine function changes similar to those seen in patients with depression. CRF in serial cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)of patients with depression was strikingly reduced as compared to those of normal subjects. The mean CRF and ACTH levels in the CSF of AD patients were significantly lower than those of healthy controls. Only in the cortices of those with mild dementia, CRF was reduced significantly. Thus CRF was proposed to serve as a potential neurochemical marker of early dementia and possibly early AD.
A large proportion of CRF in human brain was shown to be in the formofcomplex with its binding protein (CRF-BP). CRF molecule in the complex is unavailable for activation of the CRF receptor. Accordingly reduction in total CRF do not necessarily predict reduction of bioactive free CRF, and the levels of total CRF andCRF in theform of complex (CRF/CRF-BP) were suggested to be the main factors determining the quantity of bioactive free CRF in human brain. In AD there have been observed dramatic reduction in the content of free CRF in brain and thus displacement ofCRF from CRF-BP was proposed as a possible treatment for AD. In primary neuron culture, CRF exhibited protective effect against cell death induced by amyloid-beta peptide, suggesting that disturbances in HPA axis function can occur independentlyofalterationinCRF mRNA levels in AD brain and further suggesting an additional role for CRF in protecting neurons against cell death. On the other hand, Yanaihara et al. demonstrated immunoreative CRF in various neuroendocrine tumors, and suggested that the bloodlevel of the peptide might be used as a tumor marker.
